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Instrument of Photography
Whenever
you come across graphically detailed photographs like that
of natural calamity, starvation, genocide, war etc, you will
sense the impact of those pictures deep within your mind or
soul. The desperation on the face of a dying child will make
you cry, but imagine would capturing such intense moments
have been possible if it weren’t for the invention of the
camera? A photography device, the camera can capture images,
as a single picture or as a sequence of pictures. In a photo
camera, you can take single pictures. The camera goes back
many years or centuries and derives its name from the Latin
word called ‘Camera Obscura’ meaning the dark
chamber.
The
first photograph was created by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce in
1826. He used a sliding wooden box camera designed and
developed by Charles and Vincent Chevalier. But this was not
the first discovery of the camera. Johann Zahn had actually
built the first camera in 1685 and it was small and
portable. It was the technology that was failing and it took
almost 150 years for the technology to catch up with the
camera.
Most of
the early photographic camera mechanisms were similar to
that of Zahn's model. The mechanism relied heavily on the
fact that every exposure required the insertion of a
sensitized plate. This sensitized plate had to be placed in
the front of the viewfinder so that it could record the
image that was being shot. The daguerreotype process
used copper plates for this purpose while the calotype
process recorded the images on paper.
Any
camera, in general, consists of an enclosed chamber that has
an aperture to help let through the light from one end while
a recording surface on the other end captures the light.
Most of the cameras have a lens, which is positioned near
the aperture so that it can collect the light and then focus
the image onto a recording surface.
The
optical property of each camera is different from the other,
such as the optical property of the SLR is different from
that of the regular Point and Shoot. You may have noticed at
times that when you try to shoot a picture of the stars from
a normal 35mm camera, you never get the picture. In some
cameras, the range can easily be adjusted to fit in a long
distance photograph. This process is also called focusing
the camera. The point and shoot cameras have a fixed focus
and they also use a small aperture and the wide angle lens
to capture everything within a certain distance like within
10 feet. The cameras for long distance photography are
termed as rangefinder cameras or even SLR (single lens
reflex) camera. In an SLR, you can composition manually and
also the focus. This can be achieved using the objective
lens and a movable mirror to project or reflect the picture
to a plastic micro-prism screen
Now
photography is more technologically enabled and with the
arrival of digital camera’s you can only guess, what next?
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